富锗金针菇多糖对小鼠肝脏的保护作用

目的：研究富锗金针菇多糖（cFVP）对急性肝损伤小鼠转氨酶活性的影响及对肝脏的保护作用，在此基础上研究其精制品FVP1对cCl4损伤的小鼠原代肝细胞的保护作用。方法：采用0．2％CCl4灌胃造成小鼠急性肝损伤模型，以CFVP和阳性对照联苯双酯灌胃给药，测定血清中谷丙转氨酶（ALT）的活性，并对小鼠肝脏进行切片观察；采用二步分离法制备小鼠原代肝细胞，检测FVP1对CCl4损伤的原代肝细胞ALT活力的影响。结果：CFVP高、中剂量组对CCl4致急性肝损伤小鼠ALT活性的升高具有显著的降低作用，与造模组相比有极显著性差异（P〈0．01）；低剂量组与造模组相比有显著性差异（P〈0．05），CFVP对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤有明显的保护作用；FVP1中剂量组、低剂量组可使培养液中的ALT活性明显低于模型组，具有极显著性差异（P〈0．01），即ALT明显减少，说明FVP1对CCl4损伤的原代小鼠肝细胞具有保护作用，结论：富锗金针菇多糖具有保护肝脏细胞，防止肝细胞坏死的作用。     

中药三棱的化学成分及药理研究进展

近年来国内外中药三棱化学成分与药理作用研究进展的概述。三棱化学成分主要为黄酮类、皂苷类、苯丙素类、挥发油等;主要有抗血小板聚集、抗肿瘤、心血管系统活性、镇痛等药理作用。     

HPLC法测定新肤螨灵软膏中甲硝唑的含量

目的采用高效液相色谱法测定新肤螨灵软膏甲硝唑含量。方法色谱柱为Diamonsil-C18柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),甲醇-水(20∶80)为流动相,流速为1.0ml.min-1,检测波长为315nm。结果线性范围为7.614~38.07μg.ml-1(r=0.9996),甲硝唑的平均回收率为100.3%,RSD为0.66%。结论该法简便、灵敏、准确。     

薢瓜方治疗痛风性关节炎的临床疗效研究

目的:观察薢瓜方治疗痛风的临床疗效.方法:将180例急性痛风性关节炎患者按2:1比例随机分为两组,治疗组(120例)采用薢瓜方治疗,对照组(60例)单纯使用西药治疗,观察治疗前后血尿酸的变化及临床疗效.结果:血尿酸变化治疗组与对照组相比,具有统计学差异(P＜0.05);总有效率治疗组为95.8%,对照组为93.3%,两组间疗效无统计学差异(P＞0.05);治疗组患者用药期间未见明显不良反应.结论:薢瓜方治疗痛风性关节炎疗效确切,且无明显不良反应.     

HPLC测定龙血竭中龙血素A和龙血素B的含量

目的建立龙血竭中龙血素A和龙血素B的含量测定方法。方法采用HPLC法,用C18柱,乙腈-1%冰醋酸溶液(37∶63)为流动相,检测波长275nm,柱温30℃。结果方法线性关系良好,平均加样回收率龙血素A为100.25%,RSD=1.2%(n=6);龙血素B为101.32%,RSD=1.7%(n=6)。结论所用方法简便易行,结果准确,可用于龙血竭药材的质量控制。     

Sustained effect of inhaled diesel exhaust particles on T-lymphocyte-mediated immune responses against Listeria monocytogenes.

Studies have shown that exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) suppresses pulmonary host defense against bacterial infection. The present study was carried out to characterize whether DEP exposure exerts a sustained effect in which inhaled DEP increase the susceptibility of the lung to bacterial infection occurring at a later time. Brown Norway rats were exposed to filtered air or DEP by inhalation at a dose of 21.2 +/- 2.3 mg/m3, 4 h/day for 5 days, and intratracheally instilled with saline or 100,000 Listeria monocytogenes (Listeria) 7 days after the final DEP exposure. Bacterial growth and cellular responses to DEP and Listeria exposures were examined at 3 and 7 days post-infection. The results showed that inhaled DEP prolonged the growth of bacteria, administered 7 days post DEP exposure, in the lung as compared to the air-exposed controls. Pulmonary responses to Listeria infection were characterized by increased production of interleukin (IL)-1beta, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-12, and IL-10 by alveolar macrophages (AM) and increased presence of T lymphocytes and their CD4+ and CD8+ subsets in lung draining lymph nodes that secreted elevated levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and interferon (IFN)-gamma. Diesel exhaust particles were found to inhibit Listeria-induced production of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, which are responsible for the innate immunity, and IL-12, which initiates the development of T helper (Th)1 responses, but enhance Listeria-induced AM production of IL-10, which prolongs Listeria survival in these phagocytes. The dual action of DEP on AM production of IL-12 and IL-10 correlated with an inhibition of the development of bacteria-specific T lymphocytes by DEP. Cytokine production by lymphocytes from DEP- and Listeria-exposed rats showed a marked decrease in the production of IL-2, IL-10, and IFN-gamma compared to Listeria infection alone, suggesting either that DEP inhibit the production of cytokines by lymphocytes or that these lymphocytes contained T-cell subsets that are different from those of Listeria infection alone and less effective in mediating Th1 immune responses. This study demonstrates that inhaled DEP, after a 7-day resting period, increase the susceptibility of the lung to bacterial infection occurring at a later time by inhibiting macrophage immune function and suppressing the development of T-cell-mediated immune responses. The results support the epidemiological observations that exposure to DEP may be responsible for the pulmonary health effects on humans.     

Exposure of brown Norway rats to diesel exhaust particles prior to ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization elicits IgE adjuvant activity but attenuates OVA-induced airway inflammation.

Exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) during the sensitization process has been shown to increase antigen-specific IgE production and aggravate allergic airway inflammation in human and animal models. In this study, we evaluated the effect of short-term DEP exposure on ovalbumin (OVA)-mediated responses using a post-sensitization model. Brown Norway rats were first exposed to filtered air or DEP (20.6 +/- 2.7 mg/m3) for 4 h/day for five consecutive days. One day after the final air or DEP exposure (day 1), rats were sensitized with aerosolized OVA (40.5 +/- 6.3 mg/m3), and then again on days 8 and 15, challenged with OVA on day 29, and sacrificed on days 9 or 30, 24 h after the second OVA exposure or the final OVA challenge, respectively. Control animals received aerosolized saline instead of OVA. DEP were shown to elicit an adjuvant effect on the production of antigen-specific IgE and IgG on day 30. At both time points, no significant airway inflammatory responses and lung injury were found for DEP exposure alone. However, the OVA-induced inflammatory cell infiltration, acellular lactate dehydrogenase activity and albumin content in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and numbers of T cells and their CD4+ and CD8+ subsets in lung-draining lymph nodes were markedly reduced by DEP on day 30 compared with the air-plus-OVA exposure group. The OVA-induced nitric oxide (NO) in the BAL fluid and production of NO, interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-12 by alveolar macrophages (AM) were also significantly lowered by DEP on day 30 as well as day 9. DEP or OVA alone decreased intracellular glutathione (GSH) in AM and lymphocytes on days 9 and 30. The combined DEP and OVA exposure resulted in further depletion of GSH in both cell types. These results show that short-term DEP exposure prior to sensitization had a delayed effect on enhancement of the sensitization in terms of allergen-specific IgE and IgG production, but caused an attenuation of the allergen-induced airway inflammatory responses.     

针挑治疗精索静脉曲张不育术后的临床观察

目的:观察针挑疗法对精索静脉曲张不育手术后的临床疗效.方法:将122例患者随机分为两组,治疗组(62例)针挑骶丛神经点、腰2神经点,对照组(60例)肌肉注射人绒毛膜促性腺激素.结果:配偶受孕率治疗组为79.0%,对照组为41.7%,两组比较差异有非常显著性意义(P<0.01);两组生殖内分泌激素治疗后均有改善(P<0.01);治疗组治疗后精浆超氧化物歧化酶、微量元素锌显著增加,与治疗前比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05).结论:针挑治疗精索静脉曲张不育术后有显著改善和调节内分泌功能、提高精浆与精子质量、增加妊娠率的作用.     

红外光谱与计算机对比软件对不同生地黄的快速鉴别

目的:对野生和栽培生地黄及不同贮藏年限的生地黄(2000、2002年采收)以及"道地(河南)和非道地(其他省份)"生地黄药材进行快速鉴别研究.方法:利用傅里叶红外光谱技术(FT-IR)结合对比软件,并借助计算机运用归一化图谱辅助处理技术.结果:野生和栽培生地黄红外吸收光谱有明显的差异;对不同贮藏年限生地黄的识别率为100%;"道地和非道地"生地黄既有整体差异,又有个体交叉,识别率高于90%.结论:该方法具有快速、准确等特点.     

化痰解瘀汤联合胰岛素治疗2型糖尿病疗效观察

目的:观察血糖控制不佳的2型糖尿病患者联合使用化痰解瘀汤及胰岛素的疗效.方法:将43例空腹血糖(FPG)≥11mmol/L餐后2h血糖(2hPG)≥15mtmol/L的2型糖尿病患者分成2组:对照组继续皮注胰岛素,治疗组在胰岛素基础上加用化痰解瘀汤,共用24周,观察疗前、疗后第2、12、24周血糖、HbA1c,疗前、疗后空腹胰岛素(FINS),胰岛素抵抗指数(Homa-IR),C肽及血脂的变化.结果:两组治疗前后的空腹、餐后血糖、HbA1c均显著下降(P＜0.05),而治疗组降糖效果更为明显(P＜0.05),治疗组有降低血脂、C肽水平,减少胰岛素用量,提高胰岛素敏感性的作用,且较对照组有明显差异(P＜0.05).结论:化痰解瘀汤能降低血糖、HbA1c,减少胰岛素用量,提高胰岛素敏感性,改善胰岛素抵抗,且有降脂作用.